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Massacre at Fort Rosalie - November 28, 1729

Natchez, Adams Co., MS


The first white settlement in the Natchez area was a trading post established by the French, in 1714. In August, 1716, a palasade was established on a high bluff overlooking the Mississippi River, in what is now the city of Natchez. The post was called Fort Rosalie, and served as protection from the Indians.

Years of mistreatment, by the Commandant of Fort Rosalie, De Chepart, was met with retaliation in November, 1729. The Natchez Indians gained access to Fort Rosalie by porporting to be friends. However, early on the morning of the 28th, the Indians surprised the garrison with a brutal attack. Most inhabitants were slayed, except for one member who managed to excape, and eventually make his way to New Orleans.

Among those massacred, were four women whose abdomens were ripped open and whose children, included in the list below, were killed.

The Natchez Indians retained control of the area until 1730 when Territorial Governor Perrier, from New Orleans, sent a force to the area. Fighting alongside of the Perrier expedition were the Choctaw Indians, and after several days of hard fighting, the Natchez surrendered previously captured French women and children, and withdrew from Fort Rosalie. The tribe then temporarily settled in what is today Catahoula Parish, LA.

A year later, another expedition against the Natchez Indians was ordered, by Governor Perrier. That battle took place in Louisiana. That same year, a replacement fort was built at Natchez.

Fort Rosalie was later occupied by the British, from 1763-1779, the Spanish from 1779-1798, and the Americans from 1798 until the fort's abandoment in 1804.

The following is a list of those killed during the November, 1729 Massacre. The list was drawn on the 9th of June, 1730, by F. Filbert Capuchin, priest and missionary, aboard the Duc de Bourbon.

Translation by Dr. A. G. Sanders - Source -- Ministry of the Colonies C. 13, v. 12 Folios 57 to 58 verso

For information on some surviors, as submitted by researchers, click HERE



BIBLIOGRAPHY  NOTE:  Dr. Charles Nolan wrote a recently published history of St Marys Church.  He included in an end note the name of every single survivor (female) and who they remarried, their original husbands having been slain.

Napolean himself [sic] took a personal intrest in these survivors and wrote to the Ursilines that they were to give the finest of care to these women and (I think!) that the "Crown" would pay a large part of the expenses.

All of this correspondence is still intact in the Ursilines archives and all of the marriages are listed in the New Orleans Sacramental records.

For detailed information on these marriages see Earl C. Woods and Charles E. Nolan, eds.,
Sacramental Records of the Roman Catholic Church of the Archdiocese of New Orleans, (New Orleans: 1987-1991), 1:passim.
                                                                  - Bob Shumway

Adams Co., MS wishes to thank Bob Shumway for providing this list.


Known survivors, submitted by researchers:

Pierre Lambremont's wife Marie Francoise Martin and one child Pierre

"In the bloody massacre of the French by the Natchez Indians on November 19, 1729, the father and a child whose name is not known were killed.  The surviving French women and children, captives of the Indians for two to three months, suffered horribly until the French and their Choctaw allies freed them in January and February of 1730.  They were taken to New Orleans, where the Ursulines cared for many of them.  French accounts of the period do not give the names of most of those rescued, but it is probable that the Lambremont mother and child were among them.  "

Thanks to Beverly Martin for providing this information!


My ancestor named Saint Noel Soileau was at the Natchez and survived the massacre but, his uncle Gerard Pellerin who was living there with him did not. Geraard is not listed in the victims list and he should be. Saint Noel Soileau was also appointed Quarter master of the Royal Warehouse of the fort after helping to rebuild it. He evaded capture of the indians by hiding our and living in the woods and in the trees. He was a very resourceful man.

Thanks to Holly Guidry for providing this information!

.
NAME 
MEN 
WOMEN 
CHILDREN 
Alain Duquay called the Little Mason
Anselme Foucault called La Fleur (i. e., "The Flower")
Antoine Gavignon called Frape du Bord and two of his children
Antoine Jouard called Mouton
-
Auberlet, his wife and his child
Badeau
Bailly, director
Baptiste, idem 1 - -
Barbier
Beausoleil, servent of Sabanier
Benichon.
Bideau, his wife and his child
Bompugnon, ditto
Bonaventure
Borbeau, colonist of New Orleans
Busebois and Navvarre and another volunteer
(The wife of) Canterelle, midwife
Caron, captain of the company's boat, who arrived two days before
Charante and 4 of his children
Charlot Verlug, son of the Chapitoula
-
Cornseret, cooper
1
-
-
The Dauphine woman
-
1
-
De Chepart, Commandant
(The nephew of Monsieur) de Longrais
Des Longrais, director of the concession of Saint Catherine
Desnoyers, second lieutenant, commandant of the town and director of the White Earth Concession
Detachment from Tunicas for scouting consisting of seven men only one of whom escaped with his life
Duchesne of the Invalides
Ducodere, commandant at the Yazoos
Ducorroir, cooper
Estiene, blacksmith with Monsieur de Longrais
Estiene Rene
Foulian, his wife and child
Franois Censier
1
-
-
Francois Dubrey, Sacristan
1
-
-
Francois Fertin and 2 of his children and his brother-in-law
2
-
2
Francois Hyacinthe
1
-
-
Gabriel Poulin
(The) Garrison composed of 24 men of whom the soldier named Belair alone escaped
23 
Gaspard Tilly, his wife, 2 children and his brother 
Gilles Jossian
Goupil
Grimault La Plaine, his wife, his child, his niece
Guerin, his wife and two of his children
Isbra, carpenter
Jean Charles Le Maire called Cambrelot
Jean Delon
Jean Despace called Beausejour and his child
Jean Evrard, Bohemian
Jean Flandrin, his wife and two of his children
Jean George Schutz called Jean L'Allemand (i. e., "the German")
Jean Jouan, idem
Jean Louis Dupin
Jean Roussin and his child
Joly, cabinet-maker, and his wife
Joseph Ducrot, cooper for the company
Julien Chartier
Kneper, notary
Kolly and his son from New Orleans - Note: Re, Kolly, his son and his clerk. There is a marginal note made by the Keeper of the Archives, indicating that he had sent a surviving son a certificate of his fathers death.
La Douceur
La Ferte
1
-
-
La Fore and his wife
La Lande
La Loire des Ursins, formerly councillor
La Maire, cooper
La Miette and her three children
3
Langlois, Clerk of Monsieur Kolly
La Pierre called Chatelain
La Renaudais, keeper of the warehouse of the White Earth
Lartault Tailleur
La Sonde, surgeon-major
Laurent, Hurlot, assistant surgeon
La Vielle, Bohemian Knight 
Le Brasseur (i. e., "The Brewer" by trade) and his wife
Le Clerc and his wife
Le Coeur, idem
Leger, idem
Le Grand Masson, his wife and two of his children.
Le Houx, his child, his niece, formerly keeper of the warehouse at the Arkansas
Leonard
L'Evesque and his child
Livernais, one of his children and his wife
1
Louis Henry called little Louis and two of his children
Louis Le Tortiller called La Marche, his wife, his child
Louis Longueville
Louis Mirault, tailor and his child (called St. Louis)
Madame, commander of the negroes of the White Earth
Masse, his lieutenant, his wife and niece
1
1
1
Massiot
Mesplet who was burnt and tortured with Dominique
(The wife of) Michel Beau
(The wife of) Mirly, and her child..............__ 1 1 
Modeste
(The) Montauban woman and her two children
Monthuy, his wife and his child
(A child of) Nicolas La Cour
Papin, interpreter, his wife and his 2 children
1
Pascal, captain of the company's brigantine, who arrived two days before
Pascal, idem
Picard, idem
Picard, his wife and son-in-law, coppersmith
Pierre, Billy called La Jeunesse (i. e., "Youth")
1
-
-
Pierre Dauvido called Le Bleu (i. e., "Blue")
Pierre Lambremont and his child
Pierre Le Blanc
Pierre Letant
Pierre Schmitt, his wife, his child, his brother-in-law
Pierre Toudou, his wife and his child
Pimon Robinet
(The Reverend Father) Poisson, Jesuit missionary
Ponconet, his wife and his two children
Poupar of the Yazoos
Pouvalin, his wife and child
Quidor and Pierre, his servant
Ribert, idem
(The widow) Richard and her child
Robichin, his wife and child
Rosser, his wife and his child
Sabanier, his wife and one of his children.
St. Amat killed in the combat
St. Pierre, workman of the said Bourbeau, ditto
Sans Soucy, servant of Monsieur Guyot
(The wife of) Sondu Goldsmith and her child
Stroup, Bohemian, his wife and his child
Villeneuve, his wife and one of his children
TOTALS
150 
36 
56 
.
 
 

Extermination of the Natchez Indians
.
Grand Village of the Natchez Indians
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